蜗壳对远洋船基吸鱼泵性能的影响

Research on the Influence of Volute on Performance of Offshore Ship Based Fish Pump

吸鱼泵以其高通过率,常被用于远洋渔业活体水产运输的动力单元。吸鱼泵在设计过程中,以通过率为优先目标。常用的蜗壳型式有螺旋式、环形等。采用数值计算的手段研究蜗壳形式对单流道泵性能的影响,通过计算发现,在设计航速下,螺旋式蜗壳的效率比环形蜗壳高10%,扬程比环形蜗壳高5%,同时环形蜗壳内压力高于螺旋形蜗壳;在涡舌位置处,涡旋结构在环形蜗壳内空间运动流畅宽松,对监测点的压力脉动进行分析,获得了蜗壳型式对吸鱼泵性能的影响规律,为后续吸鱼泵设计奠定了基础。

Because of its high passing rate,fish pump is often used as the power unit of living aquatic product transportation in ocean fishery.The passing rate is the priority in the design process of fish pump.The commonly used volute types are spiral type,annular type,etc.The influence of volute type on the performance of single channel pump is studied by numerical calculation.It is found that at the design speed,the efficiency of spiral volute is 10%higher than that of annular volute,and the head is 5%higher than that of annular volute.At the same time,the pressure in annular volute is higher than that of spiral volute.At the position of tongue vortex,the vortex structure moves smoothly and freely in the annular volute.By analyzing the pressure pulsation of the monitoring point,the influence rule of volute type on the performance of fish pump is obtained,which lays a foundation for the subsequent design of fish pump.