学科形态演变视角下中国体育学发展的历程、谱系及启示

Viewing the Course,Genealogy and Revelation of Chinese Sports Science Development from the Perspective of Discipline Evolution

为加快构建中国特色体育学学术体系,基于学科形态演变的视角,从学术思想和学术知识两个维度对中国体育学的发展历程和学术谱系进行系统梳理,进一步厘清学科发展的规律和特征,将对中国体育学一流学科建设和人才培养具有重要意义。研究发现,中国体育学的学术谱系研究尚属起步阶段,中国体育学从体操科、体育科、二级学科、一级学科到一流学科的演变历程中,学术思想经由军国民体育思想、自然主义体育思想、民族体育思想、新民主主义体育思想、社会主义体育思想、中国特色社会主义体育思想到新时代中国特色社会主义体育思想的赓续创新,学术知识呈现泛教育性、学科性、多元性、交叉性和中国化的成长特性。总体展现出学科旨归与国家需要相统一、学科方向与思想赓续相统一、学科发展与学术研究相统一、学科形态与学科制度相统一、学科理论与体育实践相统一的谱系特征。以此为启示,坚持马克思主义体育学理论中国化时代化,融通体育学理论创新与实践应用,打造体育学经典教材与著作,构建中国式现代化体育学学科体系,探索体育学家的培养之道,应是加快构建中国特色体育学学术体系的未来之路。

In order to accelerate the construction of an academic system for sports science with Chinese characteristics,taking the perspective of disciplinary evolution,this paper systematically sorts out the course of development and academic genealogy of sports science in China from two dimensions:academic thoughts and academic knowledge,and further clarifies the rules and characteristics of disciplinary development.This will be of great significance to the building of first-class disciplines and talent cultivation in Chinese sports science.The study finds that the academic genealogical research of Chinese sports science is still in its starting phase.In the evolutionary course of Chinese sports science from gymnastics,physical education,secondary and primary disciplines to first-class disciplines,academic thoughts have passed through military and national sports thoughts,naturalistic sports thoughts,national sports thoughts,new democratic sports thoughts,socialist sports thoughts,socialist sports thoughts with Chinese characteristics to the continuation and innovation of socialist sports thoughts with Chinese characteristics in the new era.Academic knowledge has displayed the growth characteristics of pan education,disciplinarity,multiplicity,intersectionality,and sinicization.Chinese sports science has shown the genealogical characteristics of unifying disciplinary aim with national needs,unifying disciplinary orientations with continuation of thoughts,unifying disciplinary development with academic research,unifying form of discipline with system of discipline,and unifying disciplinary theory with sports practice.Inspired by such,we should adhere to the sinicization and development of Marxist sports theory with the times,integrate sports science innovation with practical application of sports science,produce classic textbooks and works of sports science,build a discipline system of Chinese-style modern sports science,and explore the way to cultivate sports scientists on the road to accelerate the construction of sports science academic system with Chinese characteristics.