劳动行为:劳动法典的逻辑起点

Labor Behavior:The Logical Starting Point of the Labor Code

劳动法典的逻辑起点是回答法典“是什么”与“为什么”的第一步,是规范世界与现实世界的连接点,劳动现实经由这一“法律之门”进入法规范的逻辑结构,实现法典对劳动现实的抽象与重述。“劳动关系说”主张以劳动关系作为逻辑起点,但是劳动关系内涵谱系宽泛,并不单纯地表征特定法律关系,并且在法规范中需要复杂的构造和认定,不应作为法典的逻辑起点,而应作为法规范的构建结果。“劳动行为说”主张以“劳动行为”作为逻辑起点,采取“一般性概括+列举排除”的界定方式,通过塑造“劳动者”概念间接完成劳动法典立法宗旨的构建,与民法典形成双层效力结构,完成自身体系构建与外部体系衔接。

The logical starting point of the Labor Code is the first step to answer“what”and“why”of the code,and is the connection point between the normative world and the real world,besides the labor reality enters the logical structure of the legal norm through this entrance,realizing the abstraction and restatement of the labor reality in the legal code.The“labor relations theory”advocates taking labor relations as the logical starting point,but the connotation of labor relations is broad,does not simply characterize specific legal relations,and requires complex construction and determination in legal norms,which should not be used as the logical starting point of the legal code,but as the result of the construction of legal norms.“Labor behavior theory”advocates taking“labor behavior”as the logical starting point,adopting the definition method of“general generalization+enumeration and exclusion”,indirectly completing the construction of the legislative purpose of the labor code by shaping the concept of“laborer”,forming a two-tier validity structure with the civil code,and completing the connection between its own system construction and external system.