基于DPSIRM框架模型的高原湿地生态安全评价

The ecological safety evaluation of plateau wetland based on DPSIRM framework model

综合考虑高原湿地生态安全的资源、环境、生态、社会、经济等影响因素,以驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应-管理(DPSIRM)框架模型建立高原湿地生态安全DPSIRM评价指标体系,采用灰色关联法对各评价指标赋权重值,运用集对分析法建立评价模型,对威宁草海2011-2016年的湿地生态安全进行评价研究。结果显示:人口自然增长率、单位工业产值废水排放量、生活污水排放量、化肥施用强度、农药施用强度、人均水资源量、物种多样性、水土流失率、物质生产、湿地面积退化率、污水处理率、物质生活指数、环保投资指数和政策法规实施力度等是影响威宁草海湿地生态安全的主要因素;威宁草海湿地生态安全逐渐转好,2011-2012年草海湿地生态安全属于不安全等级,2013-2016年属于临界安全等级;从各子系统情况看,驱动力子系统为较安全等级,压力、状态、影响、响应和管理子系统均为临界安全等级,响应子系统为不安全等级,成为影响威宁草海湿地生态安全的重要系统。研究成果可为威宁草海湿地的生态安全和环境建设提供科学参考。

The resource,environment,ecology,society,economy etc.,which are the factors influence the plateau wetland ecological security,had been comprehensively considered;the driving force-pressure-state-impact-response-management(DPSIRM)evaluation index system of plateau wetland ecological security had been established with a framework model,the gray correlation method had been utilized to assign weight to each evaluation index,and an evaluation model had been built with set pair analysis method to evaluate and research the wetland ecological security of Caohai in Weining Town from 2011 to 2016.The results reviewed the natural population growth rate,waste water discharge of per unit industrial output value,domestic sewage discharge,fertilizer application intensity,pesticide application intensity,per capita water resources,species diversity,water and soil loss rate,material production,wetland area degradation rate,sewage treatment rate,material life index,environmental protection investment index,and policy and law enforcement are the main factors affecting the ecological security of the wetlands in Caohai of Weining Town.Ecological security of Caohai wetland had been gradually improved.From2011 to2012,the ecological security of Caohai wetland had been belonged to the unsafe level,and from2013 to2016,had been belonged to the critical safety level.From the situation of each subsystem,the driving force subsystems were relatively safe,the pressure,state,impact,response and management subsystem were in critical safety level.This study will be useful for the ecological security and environmental construction of Caohai wetland in Weining Town.