COVID-19疫情期间湖北省一线女护士焦虑及抑郁状况调查

A survey on the anxiety and depression status of frontline female nurses in Hubei province during the COVID-19 epidemic

目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间湖北省部分一线护士的心理状况及影响因素,为制定针对性的心理干预措施提供科学依据。方法2020年3月12-17日,采用便利抽样法,选取173名湖北抗疫一线护士作为调查对象,并通过微信、QQ等社交软件发放电子问卷进行调查。利用t检验、卡方检验及Logistic回归分析方法进行统计分析。结果调查对象焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)得分分别为(42.02±9.02)分及(48.71±10.83)分,均显著高于国内常模(P<0.05)。调查对象焦虑阳性检出率为16.2%,其中轻度、中度、重度焦虑的调查对象占比分别为11.0%、4.6%及0.6%;调查对象抑郁阳性检出率为34.7%,其中轻度、中度、重度抑郁的调查对象占比分别为16.8%、16.2%及1.7%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,疫情前处理过类似突发公共卫生事件的调查对象发生焦虑的风险是未处理过类似事件者的3.57倍(OR=3.57,95%CI=1.16~11.44);担心自己会被病毒感染的调查对象发生焦虑的风险是不担心者的8.33倍(OR=8.33,95%CI=1.07~65.06);隔离病房的调查对象发生抑郁的风险是其他普通科室调查对象的6.13倍(OR=6.13,95%CI=2.80~13.44);担心自己会被病毒感染的调查对象发生抑郁的风险是不担心者的4.81倍(OR=4.81,95%CI=1.49~15.55)。此外,84.4%的调查对象知晓国家在疫情期间开通了心理援助渠道,但仅有6.4%的调查对象因为疫情原因咨询过相关心理机构,同时,70.5%的调查对象希望疫情期间通过网络在线咨询的方式获得心理援助。结论COVID-19疫情期间湖北省一线护士的心理健康状况不佳,应及时给予相应的心理干预及援助,以减轻其心理压力,增强应激能力。

Objective To analyze the psychological conditions of some front-line nurses in Hubei Province during the novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)epidemic and their influencing factors,to provide ascientific basis for the development of targeted psychological interventions.Methods From March 12 to 17,2020,173 frontline nurses in Hubei during the epidemic wereselected as survey subjects using convenience sampling,and electronic questionnaires were distributed through social software such as WeChat and QQ for investigation.Statistical analysis was performed using t-test,chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.Results The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores of survey respondents were 42.02±9.02 and 48.71±10.83,respectively,which were significantly higher than the national norm(P<0.05).The positive anxiety detection rate was 16.2%,of which 11.0%,4.6%,and 0.6%were for mild,moderate,and severe anxiety,respectively;the positive depression detection rate was 34.7%,of which 16.8%,16.2%,and 1.7%were for mild,moderate,and severe depression,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of anxiety was 3.57 times higher in survey respondents who had previously dealt with similar public health emergencies than in those who had not(OR=3.57,95%CI=1.16-11.44);the risk of anxiety was 8.33 times higher in survey respondents who were worried about being infected with the virus than in those who were not(OR=8.33,95%CI=1.07-65.06);the risk of depression was 6.13 times higher for respondents in isolation wards than for those in other general departments(OR=6.13,95%CI=2.80-13.44);the risk of depression was 4.81 times higher for respondents who were worried that they would be infected by the virus than for those who were not(OR=4.81,95%CI=1.49-15.55).In addition,84.4%of the respondents were aware that the state opened channels for psychological assistance during the epidemic,but only 6.4%of the respondents consulted relevant psychological institutions because of the epidemic,while 70.5%of the respondents wanted to receive psychological assistance during the epidemic by means of online counseling over the Internet.Conclusion The mental health of frontline nurses in Hubei during the COVID-19 epidemic was poor,and appropriate psychological intervention and as sistance should be given in a timely manner to reduce their psychological stress and enhance their ability of stress management.