基于小流域暴雨洪峰理论的泥石流汇流模拟——以马家沟泥石流为例

THE SIMULATION OF DEBRIS FLOW CONFLUENCE BASED ON THE THEORY OF STORM FLOOD PEAK IN SMALL WATERSHED——A Case Study of Debris Flow in Majia Ditch

泥石流是我国主要的地质灾害之一,每年造成的经济损失和人员伤亡巨大。泥石流流量计算对泥石流防治工程的规划设计和灾害评估都是很重要的参数。泥石流流量计算方法虽然较多,但多为单点及峰值计算,不具有过程意义。小流域暴雨洪峰理论即可以对单次暴雨过程清水流量进行模拟,也可以根据以往资料模拟不同频率最大清水流量,并在配方法的基础上对整个汇流过程进行模拟。本次以武都马家沟泥石流为例进行过程模拟,最终结果表明基于该理论的泥石流流量预测具有一定的应用意义,预测结果可以促进泥石流工程防治的开展,对泥石流监测预警和防灾减灾工作具有较强的理论和实践意义。

Debris flow is one of the main geological disasters in China which result in huge economic losses and life casualties each year.The flow calculation of debris flow is the great important reference to the planning,design and disaster evaluation for prevention and control engineering.There are many calculation methods but no process which only focus on the single point and peak calculation.The theory of storm flood peak in small watershed can be used to simulate one single rainstorm and maximum discharge in different frequency according to the historical data.It also can be applied to simulate the whole confluence process based on the combined method.The study simulated the debris flow process in Majia Ditch.The results show certain significance of the practical application which promoting the prevention and control of debris flow.It has strong practical significance and the theory guiding sense for disaster monitoring and early warning,disaster reduction.