中国的金融安全:理论构建、时代挑战和应对思考

Financial Security of China:Theory Building,Challenges of the Times,and Response

金融安全是国家安全的重要组成部分。十八大以来,中国的金融安全理论进入系统整合、加速构建的新阶段。与西方主导的金融稳定理论相比,中国的金融安全理论强调在发展中抵御内外风险、维护金融主权,具有鲜明的系统性、前瞻性和实践性。百年变局下,中国的金融安全面临新的时代挑战,包括经济全球化减速慢行,全球系统性风险不断上升;全球产业格局加速调整,以金融手段维护产业链供应链安全的压力增大;美国频繁实施金融制裁,撕裂全球经济金融体系;世界多极化趋势不可逆转,全球货币竞争加剧等。面对上述挑战,必须坚持总体国家安全观,统筹发展和安全,完善金融安全战略,包括坚定金融安全的战略目标,以稳步推动金融改革开放夯实战略基础,以提升金融治理水平加强战略防御能力,以提供国际金融公共产品和公共知识强化国际战略协同,以底线思维有效实施战略预置。

Financial security is a vital part of national security.Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,China has entered a new phase wherein its financial security theories are beginning to integrate systematically and the pace of theory building is speeding up.Compared with the financial stability theory promoted by the West,the prevailing financial security theory in China,distinct in its systematic,forward-looking,and pragmatic thinking,emphasizes defusing internal or external risks and preserving financial sovereignty through development.Given the current context of the once-in-a-century changes shaping the world today,China’s financial security is confronted with several new challenges.For example,systemic risks are accumulating in the world economy as economic globalization loses momentum;the accelerating global industrial restructuring has increased pressure for the financial sector to help maintain the security of industrial and supply chains;America’s increasing resort to financial sanctions threatens to rip apart the global economic and financial system;currency competition is intensifying among major powers,concurrent with an irreversible trend toward a multi-polar world.To address the above challenges,China must stick to a holistic approach to national security while balancing development and security imperatives.Furthermore,China must perfect its financial security strategy,which includes firmly upholding the strategic goals related to financial security,consolidating the strategic basis through steady reform and opening-up of the financial sector,ameliorating strategic defensive capabilities through improved financial governance,and strengthening international strategic coordination through providing financial public goods and knowledge.In sum,China must prepare for the worst-case scenarios by effiectively adopting strategic preventive measures.