当前中美外交博弈中的若干法律问题

Some Legal Issues in the Current Diplomatic Game Between China and America

近来,国际形势波谲云诡,中美关系面临建交以来最严重的挑战。如何从国际法的角度诠释当前的外交形势?如何看待美国违反国际法的霸凌行径?如何评判蓬佩奥的"涉南海声明"?所谓南海仲裁案"裁决"对中国有法律效力吗?如何准确把握外交中的"软"与"硬"?如何把握国内民间外交舆论的正确导向?本文认为,观察国际形势,不能以是否"强硬"论英雄,一定要调好焦距,对好光圈,把握好切入点。美国对待国际法是典型的"双标",是国际法治不折不扣的践踏者。诬告滥诉是当前中美关系中的一大"毒瘤"。鼓吹"新冷战"、强行"脱钩"是绝路一条。未来的中美关系将在曲折中前行。巩固和延长和平发展的战略机遇期是核心利益,也是国家外交的总目标,事关党和国家事业发展全局。一定要咬定青山不放松,坚定维护国家核心利益。在外交斗争中,应更好地掌握国际法这一强大武器,充分发挥民间外交的作用,但民间外交舆论切忌捕风捉影,发表不负责任的言论,要超越社交自媒体的"随心所欲",自觉反对和抵制民粹主义。

The world is in a critical moment with profound transformation and rapid change and the Sino-US relation is facing the most serious challenges since the establishment of diplomatic relation.There is a growing call for a fairer and more equitable world order.How to interpret the current diplomatic situation from the perspective of international law?How to look at the US bullying in violation of international law?How to judge Secretary Pompeo’s recent policy statement on China’s maritime claims in the South China Sea(SCS)?Does the SCS arbitral award have legal effect on China?How to accurately grasp the"soft"and"hard"in diplomacy?And how to guide domestic public opinion vis-a-vis diplomacy?This article believes that it is not appropriate to judge China’s diplomacy in terms of toughness;it needs to adjust and fix the right focus,the aperture and the breakthrough point,while observing the international situation;US is a typical player of"double standard"in treatment of international law,and a true trouble-maker;the most serious problem of Pompeo’s statement is of dishonesty and apart from Dao(justice and truth);the SCS arbitral award is illegal and has no legal effect at all;the false accusation against China in context of COVID-19 is a big"cancer"in the current Sino-US relations;advocating so-called"new cold war"and forcing"decoupling"is a dead end;the future Sino-US relations will move forward in twists and turns.Consolidating and extending the period of strategic opportunities for peaceful development is not only China’s core national interests,but also the overall goal of China’s diplomacy.We must firmly safeguard the core interests of the country.In pursuit of its diplomatic goals,we should better grasp the powerful weapon of international law,give full play to the role of non-governmental diplomacy.However,the public opinion should consciously oppose and resist populist approach,and should not catch the shadow and make irresponsible remarks.