有机肥替代化肥对辣椒生长发育的影响

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Growth and Development of Pepper

【目的】研究辣椒最佳有机肥替代化肥的施用比例。【方法】以“六十早”辣椒为试材,根据化肥减施水平设计纯化肥、减施1/6、减施1/3、减施1/2、减施2/3、减施5/6和纯有机肥共7个施肥梯度,研究有机肥替代化肥对辣椒生长发育的影响,分析不同施肥处理下辣椒农艺性状、产量和偏生产力,建立肥料施用量与产量、偏生产力的数学模型。【结果】不同有机肥替代化肥处理下辣椒农艺性状和单株产量等存在显著性差异;辣椒产量(Y1)、PFP(Y2)与复合肥施用量(X)之间的肥料效应方程为Y1=-0.0324X^(2)+33.936X+65657,Y2=-0.000002X^(2)+0.0018X+2.6682。【结论】辣椒获得最大产量时,最佳复合肥施用量和有机肥施用量分别为523.70 kg/hm^(2)和31907.41kg/hm^(2);辣椒获得最大肥料利用效率(PFP)时,最佳复合肥施用量和有机肥施用量分别为450 kg/hm^(2)和33750 kg/hm^(2)。

【Objective】The optimum proportion of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer was screened out to provide scientific basis for fertilization in pepper production.【Method】According to the level of chemical fertilizer reduction,seven fertilization gradients,such as pure chemical fertilizer,1/6,1/3,1/2,2/3,5/6 and pure organic fertilizer,were designed to study the effect of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on the growth and development of pepper.Taking pepper“Liushizao”as test material,the agronomic traits,yield and partial productivity of pepper under different fertilizer treatments were investigated,and the mathematical models of fertilizer application amount,yield and partial productivity were established.【Result】There were significant differences in agronomic traits and yield per plant of pepper under different organic fertilizer substitution treatments.Under the condition of soil fertility in this study,the fertilizer effect equation between pepper yield(Y1),PFP(Y2)and compound fertilizer application rate(X)was obtained(Y1=-0.0324X 2+33.936X+65657,Y2=-0.000002X 2+0.0018X+2.6682).【Conclusion】The optimum application amount of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer was 523.70 kg/hm^(2) and 31907.41 kg/hm^(2),respectively,when the maximum yield of pepper was obtained.The optimum application rate of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer were 450 kg/hm^(2) and 33750 kg/hm^(2) respectively when the maximum fertilizer use efficiency(PFP)was obtained.