低温弱光对典型大棚作物生长影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on Response of Greenhouse Crops under Low Irradiance and Temperature

【目的】分析低温弱光逆境典型大棚作物(辣椒、茄子、黄瓜)生长发育的影响及不同作物对低温弱光逆境响应程度。【方法】对典型大棚作物黄瓜、茄子及辣椒控制不同的光照和温度,观测其株高、茎粗、作物叶面积以及叶绿素质量浓度。【结果】作物对逆境的响应主要表现为生长被抑制与外形差异上,作物的株高、茎粗增长量均有降低,逆境处理时间越长,抑制作用越明显,辣椒的茎粗增长量受抑制的程度明显大于茄子。随着处理时间的延长,茄子与黄瓜的叶面积增长量降低,而辣椒叶面积增长量降低较少。在0~5 d叶绿素质量浓度比对照显著降低;随处理时间延长,作物对逆环境的适应,叶绿素质量浓度基本维持稳定。【结论】低温弱光下作物的株高、茎粗增长量降低,不同作物生长量受低温弱光的抑制程度不同;作物叶片中叶绿素的质量浓度前期显著降低后逐步趋于稳定。

【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to explore the response of the typical greenhouse crops(pepper,eggplant,tomato)under low irradiance and temperature.【Method】The height,stem diameter,leaf area and the chlorophyll mass concentration of the crops were measured.The temperature and the illumination were set on different levels in pepper,eggplant and tomato greenhouse.【Result】The growth rate of height,stem diameter was decreased under low temperature and low light density environments and different crops had different growth rate.The growth rate of pepper’s stem diameter was evidently lower than eggplant’s.However,the LAI was increased under low temperature and low light density environments and different crops had different increased rate.The decreasing of growth rate of pepper’s LAI was lower than eggplant’s and tomato’s.The leaf chlorophyll mass concentration evidently decreased in 0~5 d.The leaf chlorophyll mass concentration maintained stable with time.【Conclusion】The growth rate of height,stem diameter was decreased under low temperature and low irradiance environments and different crops had different growth rate.The leaf chlorophyll mass concentration evidently decreased in early phase.