7Mignano M, Acquaviva G, Martini F, et al. Phonetic rehabilitation after laryngectomy [ J ]. Biomed Pharmacother, 1993,47 : 53.
8Blalock D. Speech rehabilitation after treatment of laryngeal carcinoma[J]. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 1997,30: 179.
9Dworkin JP, Meleca RJ, Zormeier MD, et al. Videostroboscopy of the pharyngoesophageal segment in total laryngectomees [ J ]. Laryngoscope,1998, 108:1 773.
10Blom ED, Paulosk BR, Hamaker RC, et al. Functional outcomes after surgery for prevention of pharyngospasms in tracheoesophageal speakers. Part Ⅰ : speech chara - cteristics[J]. Iaryngoscope, 1995,105:1 033.