儿童青少年近视防控策略研究进展

Progress of Strategies of Myopia Prevention and Control for Children and Adolescents

全球近视率正在以惊人的速度增长,世界卫生组织(WHO)已经把近视列入亟待解决的致盲性眼病之一。近视是遗传-环境相互作用的多基因、多因素复杂疾病,目前治疗方法的效果有限且存在一定弊端,还未形成临床管理策略上的共识。近视的风险评估确定需要干预的人群(如近视高危因素、近视临床前期、早发近视、进展近视)是近视防控中最重要的起始步骤。本研究旨在总结最新近视防控策略,解决近视健康问题及缓解近视负担。

The global incidence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate,and the World Health Organization(WHO)has listed myopic as one of the blinding eye diseases to be urgently addressed.Myopia is a complex disease with multiple genes and factors interacting with heredity and environment.The treatment of myopia has limited effects and some disadvantages,and there is no consensus on clinical management strategies at present.Risk assessment of myopia to identify the population in need of intervention(such as high-risk factors for myopia,preclinical myopia,early myopia,advanced myopia)is the most important initial step in prevention and control of myopia.The purpose of this review is to provide the latest clinical management strategies for the prevention and control of myopia,address the health problems associated with myopia and alleviate the burden of myopia.