疫情常态化防控期间军校医学生的心理状况及影响因素

Mental health and influencing factors of military medical students during the normalization period of the epidemic prevention and control

目的探讨疫情常态化防控背景下军校医学生的心理压力、焦虑及创伤后应激障碍(posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)水平,并探究其影响因素。方法采取随机抽样法选取某军校医学生225名,采用知觉心理压力量表(Chinese perceived stress scale,CPSS)、领悟社会支持量表(Perceived social support scale,PSSS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和创伤后应激障碍检查表第五版(PTSD Checklist-5,PCL-5)测量被试的心理健康情况和影响因素。采用SPSS 26.0进行独立样本t检验和ANOVA分析,相关分析采用Pearson相关分析法,并采用多元回归方程对心理测量因素之间的关系进行进一步分析。结果22.2%(50/225)的被试SAS分数达到阳性标准,30.7%(69/225)的被试PCL-5分数达到阳性标准。相关分析结果显示,PSSS总分与CPSS(r=-0.315,P<0.01)、SAS(r=-0.336,P<0.01)、PCL-5(r=-0.137,P<0.05)得分之间均呈负相关。家庭支持得分显著负性预测军校医学生的心理压力(B=-0.595,P<0.001)、焦虑(B=-0.635,P<0.001)、PTSD水平(B=-0.769,P=0.006)。结论疫情常态化防控期间,社会支持尤其是家庭支持对军校医学生的心理压力、焦虑、PTSD有明显的保护作用。

Objective To investigate the level of psychological stress,anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)of military medical students under the condition of normalized prevention and control of the epidemic.Methods A total of 225 students from a military university were selected by random sampling method.Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS),Perceived social support scale(PSSS),Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and PTSD Checklist-5(PCL-5)were used to measure the mental health of the subjects and influencing factors.SPSS 26.0 was used to conduct independent sample t test and ANOVA analysis.Pearson correlation analysis was conducted,and multiple regression equation was used to further analyze the relationship between psychometric factors.Results The SAS scores of 22.2%(50/225)of the subjects and PCL-5 scores of 30.7%(69/225)of the subjects reached the positive standard.The results of correlation analysis showed that the total score of PSSS was negatively correlated with CPSS(r=-0.315,P<0.01),SAS(r=-0.336,P<0.01)and PCL-5(r=-0.137,P<0.05)scores.The score of family support negatively predicted the level of psychological stress(B=-0.595,P<0.001),anxiety(B=-0.635,P<0.001)and PTSD level(B=-0.769,P=0.006)of the students.Conclusion Social support,especially family support,has a significant protective effect on psychological stress,anxiety and PTSD during the period of normalized prevention and control of the epidemic.