硫包衣尿素对水稻的增产效应及氮素利用率的影响研究

Effect of Sulfur-Coated Urea on Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice

采用盆栽试验比较研究了等施用量及等氮量的硫包衣尿素(SCU)和普通尿素对水稻的增产效应以及氮肥利用效率的影响.结果表明:(1)在水稻生育前期,施用等氮量的SCU处理水稻生物量低于普通尿素处理;成熟期等氮量和等施肥量下,施SCU处理的水稻籽粒产量比普通尿素处理分别高出35.7%,19.3%,等氮量SCU处理水稻的千粒重较大而有效穗数较小;(2)SCU处理较普通尿素处理较大幅度地提高了水稻的氮肥利用率和水稻氮肥偏生产力,相同肥料施用量下,SCU氮肥利用率为47.35%～57.48%,平均比普通尿素氮肥利用率高出12.5%;氮肥偏生产力也比常规尿素处理平均提高了10%;相同施氮量下,SCU处理比普通尿素处理下的水稻氮肥利用率提高了17.12%,达到51.11%.

Pot experiments were carried out to compare different effects of sulfur-coated urea(SCU) with urea on growth and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) of rice.Results obtained were as follows:(1) SCU had significantly positive effects on growth of rice at tillering stage,but with smaller increment compared to urea.At harvest stage,on condition of applying the same rates of fertilizer and N dosage,the grain yield of rice applied with SCU were 35.7% and 19.3% higher than those with urea,respectively.At the same nitrogen usage,treatment with SCU has higher thousand-grain weight while less effective spike number than those of urea;(2) NUE and partial factor productivity for applied N(PFP) of rice fed with SCU were higher than those with urea.At the same fertilizer dosage,NUE of SCU treatments were 47.35% to 57.48%,which were 12.5% higher than urea treatments on the average.PFP on SCU treated rice were increased by 10% than urea.At the same N dosage,NUE of SCU application treatments were 17.12% higher than those of urea,reaching 51.11%.