积极心理学在临床实践中的运用

Positive Psychology in Clinical Practice

目的旨在对积极心理学在临床实践中的运用进行概要的介绍与评述。方法通过对积极心理学文献资料的回顾,分析了积极心理学在幸福的概念构成、测量评估及积极干预方面的主张。结果幸福是积极心理学的研究主题,积极心理学将幸福的概念划分为快乐、投入、意义3个层次,并且分别都已有实用有效的评估工具可以用于临床。越来越多的证据表明了积极干预在建构快乐、投入与意义方面的功效,积极干预将成为预防和治疗心理疾病有效的补充。结论积极心理学将有助于拓宽临床心理学的视野,打破仅仅关注于痛苦和如何减轻痛苦的局限。

Objective To introduce and comment positive psychology in clinical practice. Methods The opinions of positive psychology in conceptual organization, assessment and positive interventions of well-being were analyzed by reviewing the recent literatures of positive psychology in the United States. Results As the main concern of positive psychology, the proposed conceptual framework of happiness was parsed into three domains: pleasure, engagement, and meaning, and there are now valid and practical assessment tools for each of these constructs appropriate for clinical setting. Increasing evidences demonstrated the efficacy and effectiveness of positive interventions aimed at constructing pleasure, engagement, and meaning. Positive interventions might usefully supplement direct attempts to prevent and treat psychopathology. Conclusion Positive psychology may be helpful to broaden the focus of clinical psychology beyond suffering and its direct alleviation.