冻干鲜花品质影响因素的探讨

Factors Discussion of Influencing Freeze-drying Flowers Quality

为探讨鲜花冻干技术中的主要影响因素,以金盏菊、康乃馨和玫瑰为素材,进行了真空冷冻干燥实验研究。试验结果表明:护色、预冻和升华干燥时间对3种冻干花品质均有显著影响。金盏菊经8h预冻,11h升华干燥,冻干后花瓣由单层变为双层,花型更饱满;康乃馨经8h预冻,13h升华干燥,冻干花品质最好;康乃馨和玫瑰经护色后形色较好,且无鼓泡现象。

In order to explore the important factors of fresh flowers in freeze-drying technology,Calendula officials,Carnations and Rose were took as materials and carried on the vacuum freeze-drying experiments.as the test results were shown,the color-protection,pre-frozen time and sublimation drying time all have important influences on quality of freeze-drying flowers.8h of pre-frozen time and 11h of drying time,the petals of Calendula officials become double resulted,fat and pretty;8h of pre-frozen time and 13h of drying time,Carnations have the best quality;After color-protection,the diameter of Carnations & Rose have a little change and have no problem of bubble.