试论中世纪西欧的罗马法复兴运动

On the Resurrection of Roman Law in Western Europe during Middle Ages

12世纪前后的罗马法复兴是当时社会经济变革的反映,从主观上讲,罗马法本身的内容和立法技术符合时代的要求,显示出它的成熟性。客观上,它迎合了城市兴起后市民阶层要求明确和保护私有产权,以规范多元的城市经济生活的愿望。其中的注释法、评论法和人文主义法学派,从各自不同角度对罗马法进行了系统的研究与传播,促进了西欧各国建立统一的法律体系,以取代各种封建法规,维护民族国家的主权。

The resurrection of Roman law in the twelfth century is a reflection of the social transformation.In theory,the contents and legislative techniques of Roman law met the requirements of the time.In practice,it satisfied the rising urban citizens' desire to protect private property and regulate multi-dimensional economic activities.Different schools,especially annotative school,commentary school and humanism school,carried out studies on Roman law from different perspectives.The popularity of Roman law prompts the European countries to set up a unified law system to replace the feudal regulations in order to protect the national sovereignty.