晚清铁路外债观初探——以芦汉铁路为中心

An Inquiry of Viewpoints on Railway Foreign Debts in Late Qing Times

在晚清铁路外债举借过程中，洋务官员逐步有了成型的、带有明显思想倾向的外债观，芦汉比国债款交涉是典型的蓝本。其核心是在依赖心理驱动下生成路权与债权交换的主导思想。在体现外资合理性的同时，也暴露出排斥商股、模糊抵押权限、利用外资形式偏执等诸多偏差，表现出近代国人在利用外资上排拒与依赖并存的矛盾心态。

In late Qing Dynasty,in borrowing railway foreign debts activities,the westernized Chinese officials developed gradually patterned,clearly tendentious viewpoints on foreign debts,the negotiation about Belgium's loan for LUHAN line is a typical model.Driven by dependant psyche their guiding thoughts became exchanging railway right for debt right.They realized it reasonable to exploit foreign capitals,but in their minds they put aside and refused merchant shares,vaguely defined mortgage,and furthermore,they were stubbornly biased on ways of using foreign capitals.Their thoughts clearly demonstrated a paradoxical mentality of modern Chinese on exploitation of foreign capitals.