垂体后叶素致迟发性脑病的临床与影像学特征

Clinical and imageological features of delayed encephalopathy caused by pituitrin

目的探讨垂体后叶素致迟发性脑病的临床及影像学特征。方法对8例由垂体后叶素治疗引起的迟发性脑病患者的临床及影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果8例患者在停用垂体后叶素后4～12d出现不同程度的神经精神症状,以肌张力增高(8例)、运动迟缓(6例)、肢体抖动(3例)等锥体外系症状和情感言行不协调(6例)为主要表现;8例脑电图检查,4例广泛轻-中度异常,1例广泛重度异常,均以各导联慢波为主;8例血钠检查5例轻度降低;8例头颅MRI检查,均表现为豆状核、尾状核头部对称性长T1、长T2异常信号,其中合并丘脑、中脑异常信号各1例。结论应用垂体后叶素引发的迟发性脑病临床表现以锥体外系症状和大脑功能障碍为主,影像学以豆状核、尾状核头部对称性长T1、长T2异常信号为特征。推测其发病机制可能为豆纹动脉痉挛和低钠血症所致的迟发性神经元坏死。

Objective To investigate the clinical and imageological features of pituitrin-induced delayed encephalopathy. Methods Clinical data of 8 patients with delayed encephalopathy caused by pituitrin were analyzed retrospectively. Results All of the 8 patients presented diffent degree neuropsychic symptoms at 4～12 d after stop using the pituitrin. The extrapyramidal and psychiatric symptoms of the cases were found,such as hypermyotonia(8 cases),hypokinesia(6 cases),extremity buffeting(3 cases),emotional and behav...