晋西黄土区不同地类降雨-坡面径流关系研究

Research on Rain-runoff Relationship in Different Land Use Types on the Loess Area in Western Shanxi Province

利用径流小区研究黄土区坡面降雨—径流关系,对探讨该区水土流失规律、构建基于坡面的水文模型具有重要意义。文中利用布设在山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站的径流小区,对不同地类的产流特征进行了观测研究。研究得出:在坡面尺度上不同地类的径流系数、洪峰流量差异显著;各地类对地表径流的拦截率分别为:由山杨、辽东栎等树种组成的次生林96%、刺槐人工林95%、灌木林88%、荒草地61%、油松人工林41%;各地类对洪峰流量的消减率分别为:次生林94%、刺槐林92%、灌木林82%、荒草地66%、油松林49%;在同一地类上径流系数与雨强的关系具有季节变化性;径流系数与雨强呈指数关系;在雨强相同条件下,春秋季节的降雨比夏季更易形成地表径流;洪峰流量与I30或I10的呈指数关系,但I30与洪峰流量的关系优于I10。

Research on the rainfall-runoff relationship in the loess area using runoff plots is of great significance on investigating the rule of water and soil erosion as well as constructing hydrological model.This research was carried out in National Observatory System for the Forest Ecosystem in Ji Country,Shanxi Province.There were significant differences in runoff coefficient and flood peak discharge of different land types at slope scale.The runoff interception rate was showed as follows: 96% in secondary fore...