碳酸盐岩风化壳型有效储层的形成与控制因素研究--以塔里木盆地英买力-牙哈地区为例

Formation and Controlling Factors of Effective Weathered Crust Carbonate Reservoirs——Taking the Yingmaili-Yaha Area of Tarim Basin as an Example

中国海相油气勘探近年来进展很快,并不断在深部发现优质碳酸盐岩储层。其中风化壳型储层作为深部重要的碳酸盐岩储集体类型而倍受重视,特别是在塔里木盆地塔北地区,风化壳型油气藏蕴藏了丰富的油气资源,近期引起了大家的高度关注。塔北英买力—牙哈地区寒武系—奥陶系风化壳型储层的储集空间以溶蚀孔洞缝为主,储层物性好,厚度大,分布范围广。研究发现该区储层的形成受早期沉积相带、风化淋滤、构造运动产生的断裂及相伴生的溶蚀作用等因素的制约。风化壳岩溶作用和构造破裂作用极大的改善了储集空间的性能,使英买力—牙哈地区在埋深6 000m左右,依然保存了高孔渗性的风化壳型岩溶储层。岩溶作用受多种因素控制,如古地貌、构造沉降与抬升、风化淋滤时间、古气候等,从而在碳酸盐岩风化壳面下部形成大量的溶蚀孔、洞、缝,其主要集中分布在风化壳面下150 m,部分地区可达200 m。

In recent years,the marine oil and gas exploration in China has made great progress and lots of high quality carbonate reservoirs in deep strata have been found.As one of the most important carbonate reservoirs,the weathered crust reservoir has taken much more attention.Especially in the Tabei area of Tarim Basin,plenty of hydrocarbon resources are stored in the weathered crust reservoir,which arouses lots of concerns at present.In the Yingmaili-Yaha area of Tabei,the main accumulation spaces of the Cambria...