试论英国崛起中的尼德兰因素

The Factors from the Netherlands in the Rise of England

英国的崛起存在外来因素特别是尼德兰因素的参与和推动。从11世纪到18世纪,尼德兰人移居英国经历了四次高潮,这种移民既有尼德兰人逃离内乱或寻求生存和发展新环境的动机,也有英国方面的主观因素,即政府和民众的欢迎态度。对英国崛起有决定意义的重大经济现象,如呢绒工业的发展,乡村毛纺业的兴起,棉纺业的起步,农业革命的进行,工业革命的资金准备,都与尼德兰移民和资本的到来有密切关系。

There were many external factors in the rise of England; the most important of them come from the Netherlands,or the Low Countries. The coming of Flemish weavers in the 14th century promoted the growth of English cloth industry. The introduction of "New Draperies" by the protestant refugees from Netherlands inspired the rising of English rural woollen industry,known as "Proto-Industrialization" in the 16th and 17th centuries,and they also brought the techniques of cotton industry to Manchester. The Dutch im...