吉林省低山丘陵区水土保持措施对土壤性质的影响

Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Soil Properties in the Low Mountain and Hill Area of Jinlin Province

研究了吉林省东部低山丘陵区水土保持措施对土壤性质的影响,并对各水土保持措施的蓄水保土效益进行了分析。研究结果表明,顺垄试验小区蓄水保土效果最差;地埂植物带、灌木埂试验小区水土保持效益居中;生态修复、横垄试验小区水土保持效益较高;水平坑试验小区水土保持效益相当高。不同水土保持措施之间对土壤物理性质的影响存在差异,以生态修复对土壤pH、容重和田间持水量的修复最为明显;各水土保持措施对土壤颗粒组成,即土壤质地的修复效果均不明显,可见水土保持措施并不能在较短时间内改善土壤质地。在进行水土保持措施较短时间内,土壤SOC的消耗要大于其累积,使其在短时间内无法取得较好的SOC恢复效果。速效养分含量受水土保持措施影响非常大,土壤速效养分一部分随土壤侵蚀流失,一部分为植物所吸收利用,从而导致各水土保持措施土壤速效养分含量差异较大,其中生态修复措施对土壤速效养分的恢复效果最佳。在目前现有的水土保持措施下,选择生态修复措施,即自然撂荒是短时期内吉林省东部低山丘陵区进行小流域治理、退耕还林(草)工程和恢复土壤肥力质量较好的选择途径。

Effects of soil and water conservation measures on soil properties in the low mountain and hill area of Jilin Province were studied and the benefits of soil and water conservation measures were analyzed.Results showed that the benefit of bedding ridge plot was the worst;the benefit of field bund floral zone and fell bush bund plot,in medium level;the benefit of ecology restoration and lagging ridge plot,very good;and the benefit of horizontal plat form field plot,the best.Study of soil and water conservatio...