量子点荧光标记技术的研究热点及面临的挑战

Hot Topic and Challenge of Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Fluorescence Labels

半导体量子点作为新型荧光标记物,在生物医学领域具有重要应用.与传统的有机染料及荧光蛋白等荧光标记物相比,半导体量子点具有发光颜色可调、激发范围宽、发射光谱窄、化学及光稳定性好、表面化学丰富以及生物偶联技术成熟等诸多优势,为生命体系的靶向示踪,高灵敏、原位、实时、动态荧光成像,DNA及蛋白质检测,靶向药物,临床医学,生物芯片和传感器等研究提供了新的发展契机.基于作者在半导体量子点生物荧光成像和安全性评价研究的基础,综述了半导体量子点荧光标记物在生命科学与医学领域应用的研究热点,并对半导体量子点荧光标记技术走向实用面临的挑战进行了评述.

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as newly developed fluorescence labels are of significant importance in applications of medical and biological fields. In comparison with conventional organic fluorescence labels, QDs show super properties with adjustable fluorescence, broaden excitation and narrow emission, photochemical stability, well developed surface chemistry and bioconjugation capability, which are endowing new developing opportunities in targeting, imaging, DNA and protein detection, medicine, clinic...