法律真实性和形式合理性——民事审判方式改革引发的法社会学思考

Legal Authenticity and Formal Reasonability——Legal Sociological Reflection on the Reform of Civil Trial Methods

关注“程序正义”或“形式正义”是西方现代法律的一个显著特征 ,尽管我国民事审判方式改革从 2 0世纪 80年代末开始提上日程 ,但作为“发现真实”这一民事诉讼程序中的关键环节 ,无论在理论研究还是在司法实务上都难以实现满意的论证 ,本文以民事诉讼中的“事实”为起点 ,探讨法律真实性的内涵和著名法学家韦伯的“形式合理性”学说 ,在考察法律实际运作状况的基础上 ,从法社会学角度探讨我国民事审判方式改革。

A striking property of modern western laws is the watch laid on 'procedural justice' or 'formal justice'. Although the reform of civil trial methods in China , as a key in the civil lawsuit procedure, i.e. ,'finding authenticity ', was put on agenda in the late 1980's , it is difficult to realize a satisfactory argument , no matter in theoretical research or in judicial affairs. In this paper , the author discusses the connotation of legal authenticity and the theory of 'formal reasonability ' advanced by Weber , a distinguished jurist , from the starting point of 'fact' in civil lawsuit ,and examines the reform of civil trial methods in China , from the perspective of legal sociology , and on the basis of investigating the present practical legal operation.