上海黄浦江倪家浜口浮游生物调查与水质评价

Water Quality Assessment by Means of Plankton in the Nijiabang Mouth of Huangpu River,Shanghai

上海市黄浦江倪家浜口是中国2010年上海世博园后滩水系和东方体育中心人工湖的重要取水口,其水体状况直接影响世博园后滩湿地、世博园生活与日常杂用水以及体育中心人工湖水体景观。为评估该地区水体健康状况,为后滩水系和人工湖取水工程建设与维护管理提供依据,根据2007年2～12月倪家浜口不同潮位调查,分析了该区域浮游生物的种类组成、优势种类、物种多样性等。调查期间共鉴定出浮游藻类8门45属,主要优势种为小席藻(Phormidium tenue)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)、极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima)等;浮游动物3门32种,主要优势种为萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)、前节晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna priodonta)、发头裸腹溞(Moina irrasa)等。水体中叶绿素a含量表现出明显的季节变化。生物多样性分析显示,浮游藻类Shannon-Wiener指数为0.88～2.96,浮游动物Shannon-Wiener指数为0.92～2.98。数据分析表明,生物种类数、多样性指数与温度呈正比,倪家浜口处于中度富营养化状态,水质处于中-重污染,且夏秋季水质优于冬春季,当天高潮时水质优于低潮。

Nijiabang mouth of Huangpu River is a very important intake of Houtan waters in Shanghai Expo Garden and the artificial lake of Oriental Sports Center,therefore the water quality of Nijiabang Mouth has direct influence on Houtan wetland and the miscellaneous water supply in Expo Garden,as well as the waters landscape of Oriental Sports Center.During February to December in 2007,an investigation on the characteristics of community diversity of plankton including the composition of plankton species,the domina...