民国乡村建设运动中的“革命”和“中西新旧”问题——关于历史语境和现实关怀交错互动的思考

Issues of "Revolution" and "Chinese vs. Western and New vs. Old" in the Rural Construction Movement in the Republic of China: Ideas about the Interaction between Historical Context and Realistic Care

民国时期的乡村建设运动,是近年来学术界较为关注的领域之一。对乡村建设运动的研究,一直以来受到史学研究范式和中国社会现实问题的影响,其评价标准出现从"革命"到"现代化"的转变。但值得注意的是,在民国乡村建设运动进行的同时,当时知识界关于乡建运动的思想论争也随之而来。返回历史语境之中,探求时人的思想言说,可以发现乡村建设运动中的"革命"和"新旧中西"等问题的原初涵义及其对现实评价所产生的影响,以此揭示出研究过程中历史语境与现实关怀的互动的现象。

The rural construction movement in the Republic of China is a concerned field by academia recently. The study on the movement was strongly influenced by the paradigm of historical research and social reality in China. The evaluation standard of the movement changed from 'revolution' to 'modernization'. However, it was worthwhile to notice that along with the development of the rural construction movement in the Republic of China, the intelligentsia also started the debates about the movement. Returning to historical context to search the thoughts at that time, it could be found that the elementary meanings of the issues of 'revolution' and 'Chinese vs. western and new vs. old' in the rural construction movement as well as the impacts produced by the evaluation on the reality, so that the phenomena about the interaction between historical context and realistic care in the research procedure could be revealed.