四聚杀螺胺现场灭螺效果与成本分析

Cost-effectiveness analysis on suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide in field

目的进一步了解四聚杀螺胺的现场灭螺效果和应用成本,评价其推广应用价值。方法选择湖北省洪湖市黄家口镇大岭村中洲东荆河河滩和滨湖办事处洪湖湖滩为试验现场,进行26%四聚杀螺胺悬浮剂(MNSC)和50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)喷洒法灭螺,观察15d杀螺效果和计算用药成本和使用成本。结果东荆河滩喷洒MNSC灭螺15d,钉螺密度由5.23只/0.11m2降为0.40只/0.11m^2,下降率为92.35%,钉螺死亡率为89.40%;喷洒WPN灭螺,钉螺密度由5.40只/0.11m2降为0.45只/0.11m^2,下降率为91.67%,钉螺死亡率为88.08%;洪湖湖滩喷洒MNSC灭螺,钉螺密度由5.53只/0.11m2降为0.55只/0.11 m2,下降率为90.05%,钉螺死亡率为86.59%;喷洒WPN灭螺,钉螺密度由5.38只/0.11m^2降为0.50只/0.11 m2,下降率为91.71%,钉螺死亡率为87.01%。2个试验现场2种药物剂型相互间比较,x^2=6.63,P<0.01,2个现场和2种氯硝柳胺剂型杀螺效果差异无显著性统计意义。MNSC用2.0g/m^2,每100m^2用药成本为6.40元,而用工、运输等灭螺成本为8.63元,合计成本为15.03元;WPN用2.0g/m^2,每100m^2用药成本为7.60元,而用工、运输等灭螺成本为8.69元,合计成本为16.29元。结论MNSC杀螺效果较好,使用成本低,对环境影响小,是一值得推荐使用的杀螺药物。

Objective To assess the molluscicidal effect and cost on suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide(MNSC) in field,and evaluate the application value widely used in field.Methods The beach of Dongjing River in Huangjiakou Township and marshland of Honghu Lake in Binhu Township in Honghu City,Hubei Province,were selected as study pilots.MNSC and 50%wettable powder of niclosamide(WPN) were used for snail control with the spraying method,and the molluscicidal effect in the 15 d and the cost were analyzed.Results In the beach of Dongjing River,after spraying MNSC for 15 d,the density of snail reduced from 5.23 snails/0.11 m^2 to 0.40 snails/0.11 m^2,with a reduction rate of 92.35%,and the mortality of snails was 89.40%.As for WPN,the density of snail reduced from 5.40 snails/0.11 m^2 to 0.45 snails/0.11m^2,with a reduction rate of 91.67%,and the mortality of snails was 88.08%.In the marshland of Honghu Lake,after spraying MNSC for 15 d,the density of snail reduced from 5.53 snails/0.11 m^2 to 0.55 snails/0.11 m^2,with a reduction rate of 90.05%,and the mortality of snails was 86.59%.As for WPN,the density of snail reduced from 5.38 snails/0.11 m^2 to 0.50 snails/0.11 m^2,with a reduction rate of 91.71%,and the mortality of snails was 87.01%.There were no significant differences in molluscicidal effect achieved by spraying of the two molluscicides in two pilots.The cost of MNSC per 100 m^2 was 15.03 Yuan,including 6.40 Yuan for drug,and8.63 Yuan for mollusciciding,while the cost of WPN per 100 m^2 was 16.29 Yuan,including 7.60 Yuan for drug,and 8.69 Yuan for mollusciciding.Conclusion MNSC has high molluscicidal efficacy,lower cost,less effect on environments,which deserves popularization.