中国西南岩溶地区生态环境问题及其控制措施

The Problems of Ecological Environment and Control Measures in Southwest Karst Areas of China

和难点。本文系统分析了西南岩溶地区的地位和作用,指出该区生态环境状况、所面临的问题,并认为生态恢复与重建是可持续发展模式,是解决西南岩溶地区生态环境恶化、经济落后和社会不稳定的有效途径。总体建设上突出植被恢复和水土保持;区域建设上突出自然保护区、自然恢复区、干扰区和综合治理区;产业发展上突出区域特色产业和生态经济产业;项目选择上突出综合效益;技术选择上突出高新技术。并提出了西南岩溶地区生态保护、生态重建与可持续发展的对策措施。

Karst has been considered as the fragile ecological environment at the edge of the desert.It is both the key to and difficulty of environment development in west china to restore and create a good ecological environment in southwest karst areas.This paper has analyzed the karst regions status and role systematically,pointed out the status of ecological environment and the problems faced,and considered that ecological restoration and reconstruction is a sustainable development model,which is the effective way to solve environmental degradation,economic backwardness and social non-stability in the karst areas.The overall construct should highlight the revegetation construction and soil conservation,Highlight the construction of nature reserves areas,natural recovery areas,interference areas and integrated management areas.Industrial developrment should highlight the regional characteristics of industrial and ecological economy; comprehensive benefits project selection shoul put emphasis on and technology choice or high-tech.The counteimeasures has of been suggested in ecological protection,ecological restoration and sustainable development in the karst area.