中国生态工业园区发展的经济和环境绩效研究

Study on the Performance of Eco-industrial Park Development in China

本文研究了国家生态工业示范园区的经济和环境绩效。研究表明,国家生态工业示范园区其土地面积、从业人数、工业增加值、COD和SO2排放量分别占所在地区的1.0%、2.1%、16.8%、1.4%和1.0%。比较验收基准年与规划基准年,14家国家生态工业示范园区COD和SO2排放总量分别下降19%和49%,排放强度下降45%和65%;能耗、新鲜水耗、废水排放量、固废产生量增加了7%、15%、18%和24%,但其强度下降25%、18%、14%和15%。国家生态工业示范园区以较小的资源环境代价对所在地区的经济发展产生了较大的贡献,取得了良好的环境绩效,对中国1500余家国家级和省级开发区的生态化发展和建设生态文明具有重要的示范作用。

This research aimed to assess the economic and environmental performance of national demonstration eco-industrial parks(EIP).It was found that,in 2010,land area,number of employees,industrial added value,chemical oxygen demand(COD) emissions,and sulfur dioxide(SO2) emissions of the 14 accredited sector-integrated EIPs accounted for 1.0%,2.1%,16.8%,1.4% and 1.0% of the region hosting the EIPs respectively.The EIPs have made a greater contribution to local development with less burdens on resource and environment.A select group of metrics were applied to evaluate the environmental performance of EIPs by comparing the difference of the metrics between reference years of EIP planning and accreditation.During this interval,variations of the weighted average of the metrics are as following: industrial added value,increased by 46%;comprehensive energy consumption,fresh water consumption,industrial wastewater generation,and solid waste production increased by 7%,15%,18%,and 24% respectively.However,their weighted average intensities have decreased by 25%,18%,14%,and 15% respectively.Meanwhile,COD emissions and its intensity decreased by 19% and 45% respectively.SO2 emissions and its intensity decreased by 49% and 65% respectively.The national demonstration EIPs have achieved good performance,which will play an leading role for the more than 1500 national and provincial development zones in China.