解释与适用──对我国《劳动法》第31条规定之检讨

A Discussion of the Provisions in the 31 Article of China's Labor Law

劳动合同的单方解除是劳动法上的一个重大问题，涉及合同效力、当事人的合同期待及利益得失等问题，倍受当事人及劳动立法机关的关注。我国《劳动法》第31条规定了劳动者单方解除劳动合同的一般情形，具有重要意义。由于第31条规定过于笼统且存在若干不足与缺陷，主要表现在性质不清、操作性较差、授权不平等、适用范围缺乏必要的限定等方面，在实践中不便于实施且极易产生不利的后果，所以需要正确阐释其含义，明确立法完善方向，寻求司法补救措施。

The breaking of labor contract by one party has been a major problem in the implementation of labor law which concerns the effect of contracts and litigants' expectation and interests so it has draw great intention from litigants and the legislative institutions.The 31 article of China's Law sets forth the general provisions concerning breaking contract by one party. But due to the generalized feature of the provisions, they are not easy to be carried out in practice. There are also some shortcomings in the provisions. We need to give a correct explanation of the provisions and seek to compensate the shortcomings with jurisdictive measures.