大溪文化的类型和分期

ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND PERIODIZATION OF THE DAXI CULTURE

一前言大溪文化因最初发现于四川省巫山县大溪遗址而得名。1925—1926年,美国人纳尔逊在四川万县和湖北宜都之间的长江沿岸地区,发现一些新石器时代遗址,其中包括大溪遗址。1958年四川省博物馆等单位又调查了大溪遗址。 1962年石兴邦首先提出"大溪文化"的名称。已知大溪文化的分布地区西起瞿塘峡两岸,东至洪湖之滨,东西长约350公里;南抵洞庭湖畔,北达荆山南麓,南北宽约140公里,横跨川、鄂、湘三省。解放以来,已发掘的大溪文化遗址有二十余处。1959年和1975年先后三次发掘大溪遗址;

The Daxi culture may be divided into four periods. They are the periods of formation,vigorous development, flourishing and pregnancy of the embryonic elements of a new culture respectively. Up till now the data for the classification of the first period are still not sufficient, but from the seeond period onward, it is clear that there are two types: the Guanmiaoshan and Tangjiangang types.On the basis of the classification and periodization of the Daxi culture, the auther presents his views about its center and distribution, the characteristics of its pottery, the level of its development, its origin, and its relationship to the Yangshao culture.In addition, this Daxi culture serves as an illustration in a discussion of such theoretical problems of archaeology as the causes of formation of different types within one and the same culture, the basis and criteria for periodization of a culture and the preconditions of mutual influences between different cultures, etc.