生态社会主义评析

A Detailed Analysis of Ecological Socialism

本文认为，生态社会主义是在西方面临生态危机和经济危机，世界和平遭受威胁，科技日新月异的背景下产生的。作为西方生态运动的主流，生态社会主义试图用马克思主义的一些理论对资本主义、新殖民主义、军国主义和霸权主义进行批判，并在工业文明和科学技术异化、马克思主义的发展、社会政治、发展经济、国际关系以及解决生态危机的出路等问题上提出了一些值得探讨的理论和实践问题。但生态社会主义片面夸大了生态问题，试图以无政府主义改造科学社会主义，且具有向后看的浪漫主义幻想和开倒车倾向。

Abstract The concept of Ecological socialism came into being at a time when the Western world was trapped in a complicated and difficult situation of ecological crises and economic crises,when world peace was threatened,and when science and technology were developing rapidly.As the mainstream of the movement of ecology in the West,ecological socialism attempts to use Marxist theories to criticize capitalism,new colonialism,militarism,and hegemonism.Ecological socialists have put forward many theories and practical questions that are worth following up,such as industrial civilization and alienation of science and technology,development of Marxism,social politics,economic development,international relation,solutions to ecological crises and so on.However,ecological socialism is not without fault.For instance,it exaggerates ecological problems,and attempts to replace scientific socialism with anarchism.It manifests a kind of romantic illusion with a backward tendency,and therefore is challenged by a need for novelty in theories and tasks of selftranscendence.