论英国的非殖民化

On British Decolonization

论英国的非殖民化张顺洪ＯｎＢｒｉｔｉｓｈＤｅｃｏｌｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ￥ＺｈａｎｇＳｈｕｎｈｏｎｇＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｍａｋｅｓａｇｅｎｅｒａｌｉｎｑｕｉｒｙｉｎｔｏＢｒｉｔｉｓｈｄｅｃｏｌｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ．Ｉｔｉｓａｒｇｕｅｄｔ...

This article makes a general inquiry into British decolonization. It is argued that the substance of decolonization is the actions of the colonial power,including all the strategies,tactics and measures , in the course of forced imperial retreat,which were taken with the intention of maintaining its own interests as much as possible. How practicable was such decolonization was determined by the contest between the power of colonialism and the power of nationalism in the specific historical conditions when the former had been weakened ,but not fully weakened while the latter had been becoming strong, but not overwhelmingly strong. The core of decolonization was transfer of power and transition of relations. Power was always intended to be handed over,mainly through constitutional reforms, to those who were considered to be more moderate and more acceptable while every measure was taken to preserve the established links between Britain and the colonies. Suppression, manipulation and exercise of the mottoes of‘divide and rule’were the integral components of British decolonization, which left lasting aftermaths.