电动汽车动力学控制研究进展

An Overview of Dynamic Control for Electric Vehicles

近年来随着全球资源、环境问题日益严峻,节能、环保的电动汽车得到快速发展。电动汽车采用电机驱动系统,具有转矩快速响应、易于精确测量、可实现动力分散控制、可实现制动能量回收等优点。充分挖掘并利用这些优点可显著提升车辆动力学控制性能。文中从电动汽车动力学控制运行参数的识别、动力学控制结构与方法两个角度综述了十多年来的研究成果,重点介绍了轮胎-路面接触条件识别方法、驱动防滑控制方法等。对车辆横向动力学控制,包括电子差速控制、直接横摆控制、底盘集成控制等研究现状也做了总结。最后对未来电动车辆动力学控制的发展方向作了几点展望。

With the increasing concerns of global warming and resource constraints, electric vehicles (EVs) have made great progress during the past decade. The electric driving system of EVs has dinstinct advantages, such as quick response, easy measurement , and precise control of motor torque, available flexible driving architecture, and regenerative braking, etc. Such advantages can be used to improve the performance of vehicle dynamic control. This paper presents the recent research efforts on electric vehicle dynamic control in terms of parameters estimation and dyanmic control scheme and methodology, especially focusing on the tire-road friction estimaion , novel traction control methods. The lateral dynamic control including the electrical differential control, direct yaw moment control, and the integratin chassis cotrol is proposed. Several prospects for vehicle dynamic control are proposed.