中国盆地火山岩特性及其与油气成藏作用的联系

Characteristics of volcanic rocks in Chinese basins and their relationship with oil-gas reservoir forming process

在全面总结火山岩的特性、火山岩油气藏的成藏条件、类型以及成藏控制因素的基础上,详细列举了与火山岩油气藏成藏过程密切相关的火山岩的岩相、岩性、储集空间类型及其形成、演化的主要控制因素。火山岩具有良好的储集条件,其储集空间主要为裂缝和孔隙等,储集空间的发育程度主要受岩相、岩性、粒度、构造应力和充填期等因素的制约;丰富的生油层、优越的储集条件、火山岩裂隙主要发育期和油气聚集期相近、良好的盖层以及适当的圈闭条件相匹配,则有利于油气聚集成藏。火山岩型油气藏的勘探已成为油气储量和产量的新增长点。

Based on the overall summary of characteristics of volcanic rocks,favorable forming conditions and kinds of volcanic oil-gas reservoir and their controlling factors,this paper detailedly enumerates the volcanic facies,lithology,types of hydrocarbon accumulations and major controlling factors on their formation and evolution,which are closely interrelated with volcanic oil-gas reservoir forming processes.Volcanic rocks have favorable reservoir conditions and their reservoir space can be classified into two primary kinds,crack and hole.The development of reservoir space is mainly constrained by many essential factors,such as volcanic facies,lithology,granularity of rocks and minerals,tectonic stress and late filling.Plentiful oil-gas supply,well-developed reservoir conditions,excellent cap rocks and well-corresponded traps are the most favorable foundation of reservoir formation.Exploration of volcanic reservoir has been a new growth point for the reserves and production of oil and gas reservoirs in the future.