贵州省农村留守儿童负性生活事件发生频率及其影响因素分析

Analyze of the Frequency of Negative Life Events and the Influencing Factors among Left-behind Children in a Mountainous Rural Area in Guizhou Province

目的探讨留守儿童与非留守儿童在生活事件方面的差异及留守儿童生活事件的影响因素,为留守儿童的健康成长创造良好的社会环境。方法应用儿少生活事件量表,对贵州省农村1 416名儿童进行现场调查。结果留守儿童的负性生活事件总分为(44.97±16.20)分;非留守儿童负性生活事件总分为(40.92±15.1)分,留守儿童负性生活事件总的发生频率明显高于非留守儿童,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);留守儿童与非留守儿童在人际关系、学习压力、受惩罚、健康适应及其他这5个因子的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);留守儿童生活事件的影响因素包括:年龄、家庭经济水平、父亲外出打工情况、是否为独生子女、年级、父亲文化程度。结论留守儿童由于缺少父母的关爱,在面对各种生活中的负性刺激时,容易表现出适应不良,尤其是那些身为独生子女且家庭经济状况较好的留守儿童,他们对生活有着较高的期望,一旦在生活中受到挫折,就更易出现品行、学业和心理问题。

Objectives To explore the differences in life events between left-behind children and non-left-behind children and the influencing factors of life events in left-behind children so as to create a good social environment for the left-behind children' health growth.Methods Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List(ASLEC) was used to investigate the 1 416 selected children in a mountainous area in Guizhou Province.Results Left-behind children's total score of negative life events was 44.97±16.20,while the non-left-behind children's was 40.92±15.1.left-behind children's negative events score was higher than the non-left-behind children.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Left-behind children and non-left-behind children,in interpersonal relationship,academic pressure,punishment,health,and other these five factors were statistically significant differences in scores.The main influencing factors included age,family economic status,the situation of father work outside,whether the one-child family,grade and father's educational level.Conclusions Beinglack of parental care,left-behind children are easier to demonstrate maladaptive when facing life's negative events.Especially those who are only child and the family financial situation are better left-behind children,they have higher expectations of life,once the setbacks in life,they more prone to conduct,academic,and psychological problems.