兖州煤田采矿塌陷及其环境改造利用

MINING COLLAPSES AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION IN YANZHOU COAL FIELD

兖州煤田位于山东省南部,煤炭地质储量40.8亿t,可采煤层厚度13.5m,是全国重要煤炭基地之一。由于大规模开采,造成了大面积的采煤塌陷,毁坏农田,影响交通,破坏环境。到1995年为止,累计塌陷面积66km^2,目前以13km^2/a的速度继续塌陷。为此提出其环境改造利用模式:(1)精耕细作,充分利用好塌陷较轻的塌陷地。(2)改旱田为水塘,大力发展淡水养殖业。(3)位置偏僻、远离村镇的塌陷区可考虑用作电厂储灰场、城市垃圾场等场地。

Yanzhou coal field, located in the southern part of Shandong Province, is one of the important coal bases in China. There are proved coal reserves of 4. 08 billion ton and the thickness of minable coal bed is 13. 5m in the region. Because of a large scale of the mining collapses, a Large mount of farmland,highways and environment have been destroyed. Until 1995, total area of the mining coal collapses was 66km2 and the area is increasing at a speed of 13km2/a. Therefore, we suggest several patterns for reutilizing the destroyed environment: (1) to intensively cultivate and make full use of shallow mining coal collapses. (2) to remake dry farmland into pond, and develop fresh water breed. (3) to use the area far from city or town as dust space of a power plant and rubbish space of a city