东盟输华水果携带检疫性蚧类害虫疫情分析

Information analysis of scales on imported fruits from Association of Southeast Asian Nations

我国和东盟是重要的贸易伙伴,近年来随着中国东盟自贸区的建成贸易额逐年攀升,我国口岸从东盟进境的水果和旅客携带物中截获到大量的蚧类害虫疫情。本文分别从截获年份、来源国、截获疫情种类、截获直属局、截获途径等层面对我国口岸2005~2011年截获的蚧类害虫疫情进行了系统分析。结果表明:2005年我国从东盟进口水果截获的蚧类害虫疫情最少仅17批次,2006年上升到522批次,此后逐年降低,到2011年井喷式增加到952批次;从来源国看,我国共从7个东盟国家截获过蚧类害虫,其中来自泰国的疫情截获最多,其次为菲律宾和越南;2005~2011年我国从东盟各国共截获5种蚧类害虫,其中南洋臀纹粉蚧最多为1591批次,其次为新菠萝灰粉蚧482批次;11个直属局有截获记录,其中深圳局、上海局、广东局分列前三位;共有14种水果截获到蚧类害虫,其中榴莲、香蕉、龙眼分列前三位;从截获途径上看,货检中截获量最多的是南洋臀纹粉蚧,疫情来源国最多的是泰国共1940批次,旅检中截获最多的为新菠萝灰粉蚧,旅检疫情最多的是越南共涉及13批次。针对上述疫情,各口岸应加强对东盟蚧类害虫的检验检疫,保护我国水果的生产和出口安全。

China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) are closed trading partners.Due to the establishment of China-ASEAN free trade area,a great number of scales are intercepted at ports from imported fruits and goods carried by incoming travelers from ASEAN.In this paper,we analysis the information on ASEAN scales intercepted by China Inspection and Quarantine(CIQ) from 2005 to 2011 as following contents: enter time,origin nation,intercepted port,scale category,good category,ways of interception,etc.The results show that the smallest number of interception happened in 2005 as 17 batches,and then rising to 522 in 2006.There is a gradual decrease during 2007 to 2010,followed by a huge number as 952 batches in 2011;CIQ intercepted scales pest from 7 countries in ASEAN during 2005 to 2011.Thailand is the main origin of quarantine scales in ASEAN,followed by Philippines and Vietnam.Planococcus lilacius、Dysmicoccus neobrevipes、Planococcus minor、Dysmicoccus grassi and Hemiberlesia pitysophila are intercepted.Planococcus lilacius was the most important scales intercepted 1591 batches,followed by Dysmicoccus neobrevipes 482 batches.Eleveen CIQ intercepted scales from ASEAN,Shenzhen CIQ,Shanghai CIQ,Guangdong CIQ as the top 3.Fourteen fruits carried scales,durian,banana and longan as the top 3 fruits carring qurantine pests.In cargos,Planococcus lilacius was the most important scales and Thailand was the most important origin nation including 1940 batches.The largest number of intercepted scale from traveler goods was Dysmicoccus neobrevipes.Vietnam became the majority region nation of quarantine pest carrying by traveler from ASEAN.Therefore,it is imperative to enhance inspection and quarantine to protect the security of fruit production and goods trade.