基质理化性状与番茄壮苗指标的通径分析

Path Analysis of Substrate Physicochemical Properties and Tomato Plug-seedlings Index

以草炭、珍珠岩及蛭石为基础材料,通过不同比例的复配,构建复合基质不同的理化性状。应用回归分析与通径分析方法,研究复合基质各种理化性状对秋季番茄穴盘苗壮苗指标的贡献度,为实现番茄工厂化育苗基质理化性状标准化,筛选番茄工厂化育苗基质配方提供参考。结果表明,番茄穴盘育苗,基质配比以草炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石=6∶4∶1效果最好(理化性状为:容重0.133 g/cm3,总孔隙度64.65%,通气孔隙40.22%,持水孔隙24.44%,pH值6.19,EC值0.76 mS/cm,速效氮386.9 mg/kg,速效磷211.5 mg/kg,速效钾826.5 mg/kg)。其培育出的番茄秧苗茎秆粗壮,番茄穴盘壮苗指标(G值、根冠比、壮苗指数)也显著高于其他基质处理。回归及通径分析发现,复合基质各种理化性状对番茄穴盘壮苗指标的影响存在差异性,容重是影响番茄穴盘壮苗指标的主要物理性状,在基质物理性状达到番茄穴盘苗生长要求前提下,番茄壮苗指标主要受到基质pH值、速效氮、速效磷及速效钾含量的影响。配制工厂化育苗基质,首先应该考虑容重等物理性状,在其适宜范围内,再进一步调配化学性状,其中要满足幼苗对pH值的要求,最后调配速效养分含量,才能获得最佳复合基质配方,培育番茄壮苗。

In this paper ,taking peat ,perlite and vermiculite as the basic experimental material ,established dif-ferent physicochemical properties of compound substrate through the way of different proportion of basic materials . Applied regression analysis and path analysis to study the indicator of substrate physicochemical properties on toma -to plug-seedlings,in order to achieve the standardization of substrate physicochemical properties and screen sub -strate formula of tomato seedlings production .The result indicated that ,peat∶perlite∶vermiculite=6∶4∶1 ( V/V) was best for tomato plug seedlings ( Physicochemical properties as follows:Bulk density was 0.113 g/cm3 ,total porosity was 64.65%,air-filled porosity was 40.22%,container capacity was 24.44%,pH-value was 6.19,EC-value was 0.76 mS/cm,available nitrogen content was 386.9 mg/kg,available phosphorus content was 211.5 mg/kg,availa-ble potassium content was 826.5 mg/kg).Through the comparison of seedling morphological index and quality in-dex ,we found that tomato seedling cultivated with peat∶perlite∶vermiculite=6∶4∶1 was significant higher than oth-er substrate formula on stem diameter and strong plug-seedlings index ( G-Value,root-shoot ratio ,sound seedlings in-dex ) .Regression and path analysis showed that direct path coefficient ,positive and negative effects were different a-mong substrate physicochemical properties and tomato strong plug-seedlings index .Bulk density was the main physi-cal properties that influenced tomato strong plug-seedlings index in the production of tomato seedling .When the sub-strate physical property was in the optimum range .pH-value,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content were the main factors which effect tomato strong plug-seedlings index .In order to got the best composite substrate formulation and cultivated strong and high-yield tomato seedlings , in the preparation of sub-strate ,bulk density was the first consideration ,within a suitable range ,then adjusted pH value and available nutrient content for the requirements of tomato plug-seedlings .