论加里·斯奈德的禅宗生态观

Ecological Thoughts of Zen in Gary Snyder's Poetry

美国深层生态学桂冠诗人加里·斯奈德从禅宗中汲取了大量生态思想,禅宗不仅渗透到诗人的生态诗学中,而且也贯穿于其一生的生活实践。在禅宗的影响下,斯奈德建立了一种禅宗和深层生态学紧密结合的独特生态观。斯奈德并非全盘吸收禅宗,而是将其与美国的本土语境密切相连,形成了一种具有浓厚美国特色的禅宗。本文从习禅、写禅、化禅三方面来探讨禅宗对斯奈德的全方位影响。

Gary Snyder,a Poet Laureate of American deep ecology,absorbs considerable ecological thoughts from Zen,which is not only pervasive in his eco-poetics but also constant in all his life.Influenced by Zen,Snyder has established a unique ecological view combining Zen and deep ecology.Snyder's adoption of Zen does not stop on copying but is based on American native context, thus forms Zen with strong American characteristics.This article is aimed to study Zen's total influence on Snyder,approached from the following three aspects:the practice of Zen,the writing of Zen,the Americanization of Zen.