旱地玉米全膜覆盖双垄沟精量播种机工作参数优化

Parameters Optimization of Precision Seeder with Corn Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges in Dry Land

旱地玉米全膜覆盖双垄沟精量播种机采用凸轮与曲柄组合机构控制成穴器,能够实现播种时成穴器水平绝对速度为零,可改善播种作业过程中成穴器撕膜、挑膜及穴孔错位。以播种机前进速度、曲柄机构转速、凸轮机构转速和切膜刀角为自变量,穴孔错位率为响应值,依照Box-Behnken试验设计原理,采用四因素三水平响应面分析方法,建立了各因素与穴孔错位率之间的数学模型,并对各因素及其交互作用进行分析。试验结果表明:4个因素对穴孔错位率影响的主次顺序依次为凸轮机构转速、曲柄机构转速、播种机前进速度和切膜刀角;最佳工作参数为:播种机前进速度0.50 m/s、曲柄机构转速50.2 r/min、凸轮机构转速46.4 r/min和切膜刀角23.6°,此条件下穴孔错位率为1.221%。验证试验表明该组合下试验相对误差较小。

The corn precision seeder with whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges in dry land was researched independently.The horizontal absolute velocity of hole-former was made zero at seeding time by using cam and crank combination mechanism to control it,which could improve the planting operation process tore film,picked film and dislocated of the soil hole with hole-former.For further study the working performance with the corn precision seeder,the Box-Behnken experimental design with four factors and three levels was performed,parameters such as seeder speed,rotation speed of crank mechanism,rotation speed of cam mechanism and angle of film cutter were selected as independent variables,which would influence dislocation of soil hole rate.The mathematical model was established.The effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well.The test results showed that effects order of four parameters on dislocation of soil hole rate were as follows: rotation speed of cam mechanism,rotation speed of crank mechanism,seeder speed and angle of film cutter.The optimal working parameters were seeder speed of 0.50 m/s,rotation speed of crank mechanism of 50.2r/min,rotation speed of cam mechanism of 46.4 r/min and angle of film cutter of 23.6°,then the dislocation of soil hole rate production of 1.221% was obtained.Confirmatory tests showed that the relative error was little.