关于国际海底区域法律制度的研究——以保留区及平行开发制为中心

Study on Legal Regime of the International Seabed Area——Centered for Reserved Area and Parallel System

保留区是"平行开发制"的重要组成部分,国际海底管理局的企业部和发展中国家及其实体就保留区的勘探开发享有优先权。国际海底管理局通过的《"区域"内多金属硫化物探矿和勘探规章》和《"区域"内富钴铁锰结壳探矿和勘探规章》对保留区制度进行了变革,这给企业部和发展中国家的权益带来不利影响。发达国家的实体"借壳上市",恶意抢占保留区的勘探开发权。中国宜利用发展中国家的身份,积极考虑参与保留区的勘探开发。

Reserved Area is part of the deal of the so called 'Parallel System'. The Enterprise of the International Seabed Authority,developing countries and their entities enjoy some sort of priorities to prospect and explore the resources in the Reserved Area. The 'Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts Regulations'and 'Polymetallic Sulphides Regulations'adopted by the International Seabed Authority provide that one applicant can either elect to offer an equity interest in a joint venture arrangement or contribute a Reserved Area,which will de facto encourage applicants to choose the former and abandon the latter. Some entity of developed countries sought sponsorship from developing countries in order to prospect and explore resources in the Reserved Area. All these practices will impact the interests of the Enterprise and developing countries. It is suggested that,as a developing country,China should engage in the exploration of the Reserved Area.