中国传统村落的空间分布及其影响因素

Spatial Distribution and Influence Factors of Chinese Traditional Villages

以国家首批公布的646个中国传统村落为研究对象,运用数据分析和空间结构研究方法,探讨了中国传统村落在省际、区际和族际中的分布概况。研究表明,首批中国传统村落在空间分布上极为不均,形成了五大聚集区,呈现出东南数量多、西部数量少,东部汉族村落多、西部民族村落多的总体特征。中国自然地理的客观实际、人口的分布格局、区域经济发展水平、历史文化积淀程度与传统村落评审认定细则等方面是影响其空间分布的主要因素。

Based on the publicly announced first 646 traditional villages, this study applied the methods of data analysis and spatial structure research to analyze the provincial, zonal and ethnological distribution of traditional Chinese villages. It shows that, the spatial distribution of the first publicly announced Chinese traditional villages is extremely uneven, dispersed in five major areas,with more in Southeast China than West China, more Han villages in the East and more minority villages in the West. Natural geographical environment, current population distribution pattern, level of regional economic development, accumulation of historic and cultural heritages, as well as rules and standards in the definition of traditional villages are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution.