城市群空间发育范围识别方法综述

Review of range recognition research on urban agglomerations

城市群既是城市区域化的重要表现形式,也是区域工业化和城镇化发展到高级阶段的标志性产物。本文基于城市群多元化的概念演进历程,以城市群识别的技术方法和手段为主线,详细梳理了国内外学者对城市群发育范围划分和界定的研究历程,认为"概念本质的认识、界定标准的设定、最小分析单元的选用和识别方法的选择"是学术界对城市群空间范围识别难以共识的主要原因;理清了城市群空间发育范围识别和界定的研究脉络:以美国都市区划分为代表的传统社会经济指标法影响深远,奠定了西方国家关于城市群发育范围识别和界定的研究基调;采用引力模型对中心城市辐射范围划分成为当前中国城市群发育范围划分的主流;在明确识别对象的基础上,以GIS空间分析技术为手段,综合指标和模型多种方法为一身的集成模拟法,代表了城市群空间发育范围识别和界定研究的未来趋势。

Urban agglomeration is an important form of regionalized city development, but also an iconic product of advanced regional industrialization and urbanization. Based on the diverse conceptual evolution processes of urban agglomeration and focusing on the technical method s and approaches for the identification of urban agglomerations, this article reviews in detail the research progress of the range identification of urban agglomeration growth. It concludes that the main reasons that academia seldom reach consensus on the spatial extent of urban agglomeration are as follows: there exist significant differences in the understanding of the essence of the concept, definition, smallest unit of analysis, and choice of identification methods of urban agglomeration. This article clarifies the main research methods of range identification of urban agglomeration:(1) the traditional socioeconomic index method represented by defining metropolitan areas in the United States has broad influence and has set the fundamentals of range identification of urban agglomerations in the West;(2) applying gravity models for the recognition of the scope of influence of central cities has become the main method for urban agglomeration range identification research in China;(3) using spatial analysis technology in GIS as means, integrated simulation methods incorporating integrated indicators and modeling methods represent the future trend of study on the recognition and identification of urban agglomeration growth.