微波作用下餐厨垃圾固相中油脂浸出过程研究

STUDY ON EXTRACTION PROCESS OF LIPID IN SOLID-PHASE OF KITCHEN GARBAGE BY MICROWAVE HYDRO-HEATING

餐厨垃圾固相中的油脂易腐化变质,危害环境和人类健康,不利于餐厨垃圾后续资源化处理;而合理回收利用则是一种优良资源。采用微波湿热的方法分离餐厨垃圾固相中油脂,考察了作用时间、温度及微波加热方式对固相中油脂浸出率的影响;利用红外光谱和气质联用分析了微波湿热前后固相中油脂的成分性质。结果表明:餐厨垃圾固相中油脂浸出率随微波作用时间延长呈先增后平稳的趋势,120℃下作用40 min时,浸出率达最高值为72.1%;微波作用下固相中油脂浸出率相比电加热提高了3.1%;微波处理未改变固相中油脂的主要官能团结构,但脂肪酸及其甘油酯含量发生了变化。

Lipid in solid-phase of kitchen garbage is easy to corrupt. If improperly collected and utilized,it will pose threat to humans' health and the environment,and be adverse to the subsequent recycling; But it is also a kind of recycling resource if properly used. The impact of time and temperature of microwave and heating method on extraction rate of lipid in solid-phase of kitchen garbage was examined,and the properties of lipid before and after microwave actions were analyzed by FT-IR spectrum and GC-MS respectively. The results showed that the trend of extraction rate of lipid in solid-phase was firstly increasing then smoothing with reaction time,and the appropriate extraction conditions were 120 ℃ and 40 min,with an extraction rate of 72. 1%; The extraction rate by microwave was 3. 1% higher than traditional heating method; Composition of lipid in solid-phase did not change significantly,but the content of free fatty acids and fatty acid glycerides changed after microwave irradiation.