ABCA1在冠心病及其发病机制中的研究新进展

ABCA1 Research Progress in Coronary Artery Disease

动脉粥样硬化(As)是冠心病的主要病因,而泡沫细胞又是As的主要病因,过多的胆固醇在巨噬细胞中积累形成泡沫细胞,因此减少胆固醇的积累从而减少泡沫细胞的形成可能成为治疗As有效的方法。ATP结合盒转运体A1(ABCA1)可使细胞内胆固醇和磷脂转运到载脂蛋白AⅠ(Apo AⅠ)形成高密度脂蛋白前体,使过多的胆固醇进入肝脏重新利用或经胆汁和粪便排出,这个过程就是胆固醇逆转运。ABCA1还能够抑制As的炎症反应,引起血管内皮细胞变化,参与氧化应激反应,可通过多种代谢通路影响As,其不同的基因型对As的影响也不相同。因此,ABCA1在As的发生发展中具有举足轻重的作用。

Atherosclerosis(As) is a major cause of coronary artery disease(CAD),and foam cells are a main reason of As,the accumulation of excess cholesterol in macrophages forms foam cells,so reducing the accumulation of cholesterol results in reducing the formation of foam cells,which may become an effective method for the treatment of As. ATPbinding cassette transporter A1( ABCA1) mediates the transport of cellular cholesterol and phospholipids to Apo A Ⅰ to generate nascent HDL particles,which makes clearance of excess cholesterol from cells to the liver for excretion to the bile and feces,a process called reverse cholesterol transport( RCT). ABCA1 can suppress inflammatory response and induce vascular endothelial cells changes,participate in oxidative stress,affect As by different metabolic pathways,and the effects of different genotypes on As is different. Therefore,ABCA1 plays an important role in the form and development of As.