林改配套政策对农户林业生产行为影响的定量分析——以湖南省为例

Empirical research on household forestry production behaviors that support collective forest tenure reform policy in Hunan

为巩固和深化林改成果、维护林农利益,集体林权制度改革后政府实施了一系列配套政策。本文通过建立联立方程组,探讨林权流转、政策性森林保险、公益林补偿、林业合作组织、木材采伐限额管理、林业税费等林改配套政策对农户造林、抚育和采伐行为的影响情况。研究结果表明:林权流转、林业税费负担和林业合作组织等配套政策对农户林业生产行为有不同程度和方向的显著影响,而林木限额采伐、政策性森林保险和生态效益补偿制度等对农户林业生产行为暂无显著影响。为进一步完善对林农生产行为有显著影响配套政策,本文提出:1尊重农户意愿,规范林权流转;2进一步推进林业合作组织发展;3营造良好的税费环境。对林农生产行为暂无显著影响的配套政策,文章提出:1促进林业收入多元化;2扩大政策性森林保险实施范围;3提高森林生态补偿标准。最后提出应对农户进行有针对性的政策宣传,增加农户对林改政策的认知,以更好地发挥政策效果。

To consolidate and deepen achievement and maintain the interests of farmers,the Chinese government implemented a series of supporting policies after collective forest tenure reform. Based on simultaneous equations constitution we explore forest tenure reform supporting policies such as forest right circulation,policy forest insurance,compensation for public welfare forests,forestry cooperation organization,forest cutting quota management,and forestry tax impacts on planting,tending and cutting behavior of farmers. We found that the forest right circulation,forestry tax burden and forestry cooperation organization for farmers' forestry production behavior have a significant effect to different degrees and different directions,and forest cutting quota,policy forest insurance and ecological compensation have no effect on peasant household forestry production behavior. Based on the preceding analysis,we further analyze forest change supporting policies which have no influence and put forward some suggestions for improving supporting policies. In order to perfect supporting policies that have a significant influence on farmers' forestry production behavior,respecting farmers' ideas and regulating forest right circulation is necessary;forestry cooperation organization development should be improved;and favorable tax environments should be created. In addition:diversify forestry income;broaden the scope of policy implementation of forest insurance;and improve forest ecological compensation standards. Targeted policy propaganda should be developed for farmers to increase farmers' awareness and understanding of forest policy.