快腐剂对畜禽粪便堆肥过程中腐熟度的影响

Impact of decay promoting agent on maturity changes during composting of livestock and poultry manure

以牛粪、菌糠和鸡粪等为材料按照两种比例调配为混合基质,在添加或不添加快腐剂的条件下在发酵桶中进行为期38 d的堆肥发酵实验,通过对发酵产物的温度、p H值、总有机碳、C/N、硝铵态氮含量和种子发芽指数等指标变化的研究,揭示了快腐剂对发酵过程的影响。结果表明,虽然快腐剂对有机物料的温度、C/N比无显著的影响,但可以促进铵态氮向硝态氮的转化,在16 d时使发酵产物NH+4-N/NO-3-N比值降为0.15,达到腐熟标准(0.16);提升种子发芽指数,在腐解29 d时使种子发芽指数达到82.76%,达到完全腐熟指标(0.8),比不添加快腐剂的处理提前了4 d左右。快腐剂的作用效果受腐解物料配比的影响。

In order to investigate the effect of decay promoting agent(DPA) on composting process of organic materials via a 38 day composting experiment,cow manure,chicken manure and fungus chaff were mixed in two different proportions and each mixed medium was amended with or without decay promoting agent.Dynamics of temperature,p H,total organic carbon,C/N,ammonia and nitrate content,and germination index(GI) were monitored during composting process.The results showed that the DPA had no significant effect on changes of temperature and C/N ratios of organic material,but promoted the conversion of organic N to inorganic N.With DPA addition,the NH+4-N/NO-3-N ratio of decaying products dropped to 0.15 on the 16 th day of composting,this C/N ratio suggested that the composing reached its maturity standard(C/N ratio = 0.16);and the observed GI was 82.76% on the 29 th day,indicating the complete maturity of composting materials(GI =80%).The duration for the composting materials to get completely mature was reduced by 4 days by DPA compared to treatments without DPA addition.The promotion in composting caused by DPA was influenced by the formula of composting materials.