“清词丽句”意义探析——管窥韦庄的诗学思想

On the Connotation of “Simple, Elegant" Poetic Style: A Comment on Weizhuang′s Poetic Aesthetics

晚唐文人韦庄提出的"清词丽句"不仅是指一种清丽的诗歌风格,同时也包含评价尺度的意义,即可理解为语言的简洁清新,情感的闲适淡远,意境的优美自然。无论语言、情感还是意境,"清词丽句"标准都在《又玄集》中得到了近乎完美的体现。而韦庄自己的《浣花集》与他的"清丽"标准之间,有吻合的地方,也有矛盾的地方。矛盾之处表现为《浣花集》中出现了许多反映民生疾苦和社会乱离的诗歌,语言朴厚沉郁,情感真挚深沉,发人深省,无清丽可言,原因在于韦庄"儒道互补"的心理结构。

The "simple, elegant" poetic style put forward by the Late Tang Dynasty also serves as a standard of poetic aesthetic evaluation, that is, the simplicity and clarity in language use, relaxation and distance in sentiment and elegance and natural in artistic conception. Such a standard is perfectly presented in Xuanyouji. However, there is matching as well as mismatching between Weizhuang′s Huanhuaji and his "simple, elegant" poetic standard. The mismatch is reflected in some of his poems in Huanhuaji that depict the miserable life of the then citizens and the social disorder. Those poems are, in contrast, depressed, heavy, deep and thought-provoking, and there is nothing of relaxation and elegance to speak of, which is rooted in Weizhuang′s psychological structure of "complementarity of Confucianism and Taoism".